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Hugo de Garis

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Hugo de Garis
De Garis in 2006
Born1947 (age 77–78)
Sydney, Australia
OccupationAI expert
Transhumanism
Issues
People
Influential works
Variants
Related topics

Hugo de Garis (born 1947) is an Australian retired researcher in the sub-field of artificial intelligence (AI) known as evolvable hardware. In the 1990s and early 2000s, he performed research on the use of genetic algorithms to evolve artificial neural networks using three-dimensional cellular automata inside field programmable gate arrays.[1] He has written about his belief in an coming war between the supporters and opponents of intelligent machines, with the potential for the elimination of humanity by artificial superintelligences.[2]

Career

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De Garis originally studied theoretical physics, but he abandoned this field in favour of artificial intelligence. In 1992 he received his PhD from Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.

From 1993 to 2000 de Garis was a researcher at the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International in Kansai Science City, Japan. At ATR's Human Information Processing Research Laboratories (ATR-HIP), he aimed to create a billion-neuron artificial brain he called a "cellular automata machine brain" (CAM-brain) by the year 2001.[1][3] De Garis moved to Starlab in Brussels in 2000, and the HIP laboratory was closed in February 2001.[4] Starlab went bankrupt in 2001. De Garis published his last "CAM-Brain" research paper in 2002.[5]

He was associate professor of computer science at Utah State University from 2001 to 2006. Starting in June 2006 he was part of the advisory board of Novamente, a commercial company which aimed to create artificial general intelligence. After 2006 he was a professor at Xiamen University and Wuhan University where he taught theoretical physics and computer science. In 2008 he received a 3 million Chinese yuan grant (around $436,000) to build an artificial brain for China as part of the Brain Builder Group at Wuhan University.[6] He served on the editoral board of Engineering Letters.[7] De Garis retired in late 2010.[8]

Beliefs

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The Artilect War

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During his work on CAM-Brain, De Garis began publicly expressing concerns about existential risk from artificial intelligence.[1][2][9] In 2005, he published the book The Artilect War: Cosmists vs. Terrans: A Bitter Controversy Concerning Whether Humanity Should Build Godlike Massively Intelligent Machines.[10] In his book, De Garis predicts that by the end of the 21st century artificial superintelligences, which he calls "artificial intellects" or "artilects", will threaten to attain hegemony over the Earth. He forsees a major war between supporters of artilects and their opponents, resulting in billions of deaths.[10]: 234 [11][12] The supporters he calls "Cosmists", who will support artilects that they expect to colonise the universe, leaving Earth and humans behind to a sooner-or-later extinction. The opponents, "Terrans", will focus on the fate of Earth and its inhabitants, and the existential risk posed by artilects. Differences between the two groups will be irreconcilable, leading to war. He also predicts a third group, "Cyborgs", who aim to become artilects themselves by altering their own human brains, rather than falling into obsolescence.[12] Although de Garis makes arguments in favor of each side throughout the book, he concludes that he is a Cosmist.[2]

AI researcher Chris Malcolm described de Garis's prediction as "entertaining science fiction horror stories which happen to have caught the attention of the popular media".[13] Kevin Warwick called it a "hellish nightmare, as portrayed in films such as the Terminator".[10]: back cover  It has also been described as a religious apocalyptic scenario.[14]

Misogyny and anti-semitism

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After retiring, de Garis became vocal in the Masculist and Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW) movements.[15][16] He is a believer in anti-semitic conspiracy theories and has written (and presented on YouTube) a series[17][18] of essays[19] on the subject. Because of the danger of generalized anti-semitism (as manifested in Nazi Germany from 1932 to 1945), de Garis is not opposed to "all Jews," just those whom he denotes as "massively evil" (ME) or "ME Jews," which he claims are "a small subset of overall Jews who have sought totalitarian power," much as the Nazis were a small subset of "overall Germans who had attained totalitarian power," and one does not properly call "anti-Nazi conspiracy theorists" by the name "anti-German conspiracy theorists."[19]

Writings

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  • de Garis, Hugo (28 February 2005). The Artilect War: Cosmists vs. Terrans: A Bitter Controversy Concerning Whether Humanity Should Build Godlike Massively Intelligent Machines. ETC Publications. p. 254. ISBN 978-0-88280-153-7.
  • de Garis, Hugo (18 March 2010). Multis and Monos : What the Multicultured Can Teach the Monocultured : Towards the Creation of a Global State. ETC Publications. p. 514. ISBN 978-0-88280-162-9.
  • de Garis, Hugo (November 2010). Artificial Brains : An Evolved Neural Net Module Approach. World Scientific. p. 400. ISBN 978-981-4304-28-3.

References

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  1. ^ a b c de Garis, Hugo (1996). "CAM-Brain the evolutionary engineering of a billion neuron artificial brain by 2001 which grows/evolves at electronic speeds inside a cellular automata machine (CAM)". Towards Evolvable Hardware. Vol. 1062. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 76–98. doi:10.1007/3-540-61093-6_4. ISBN 978-3-540-61093-9. one could use planetoid size asteroids to build huge 3D brain like computers containing ten to power 40 components with one bit per atom. Hence late into the 21st century, the author predicts that human beings will be confronted with the "artilect" (artificial intellect) with a brain vastly superior to the human brain with its pitiful trillion neurons.
  2. ^ a b c Coale, Kristi (28 August 1997). "The Architect of Man's Demise". WIRED. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
  3. ^ BBC News (7 January 1999). "Best brain boosts artificial life". Archived from the original on 19 September 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
  4. ^ "HIP World Wide Web Server". Archived from the original on 6 July 2006. The project of ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories (ATR-HIP) was closed on 28 February 2001
  5. ^ Hugo de Garis; Michael Korkin (2002). "The CAM-Brain Machine (CBM): an FPGA-based hardware tool that evolves a 1000 neuron-net circuit module in seconds and updates a 75 million neuron artificial brain for real-time robot control" (PDF). Neurocomputing. 42 (1–4): 35–68. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.29.400. doi:10.1016/S0925-2312(01)00593-8.
  6. ^ The China-Brain Project : Building China's Artificial Brain using an Evolved Neural Net Module Approach (PDF), Artificial General Intelligence Research Institute, 2008, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016, Prof. Hugo de Garis has recently received a 3 million RMB, 4-year grant to build China's first artificial brain, starting in 2008
  7. ^ "Welcome to Engineering Letters (IAENG)". Engineering Letters. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
  8. ^ "CITE2010_OrganizingCommittee Information". Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2010.
  9. ^ Simpson, Roderick (1 December 1997). "The Brain Builder". WIRED. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2025.
  10. ^ a b c de Garis, Hugo (2005). The Artilect War: Cosmists Vs. Terrans: A Bitter Controversy Concerning Whether Humanity Should Build Godlike Massively Intelligent Machines. Palm Springs, CA: ETC Publications. ISBN 978-0-88280-154-4.
  11. ^ "Machines Like Us interviews: Hugo de Garis". 3 September 2007. Archived from the original on 7 October 2007. gigadeath – the characteristic number of people that would be killed in any major late 21st century war, if one extrapolates up the graph of the number of people killed in major wars over the past 2 centuries
  12. ^ a b de Garis, Hugo. "The Artilect War - Cosmists vs. Terrans" (PDF). agi-conf.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  13. ^ Chris Malcolm (2000). "Why Robots Won't Rule the World". Archived from the original on 22 July 2010.
  14. ^ Geraci, Robert M. (5 March 2010). Apocalyptic AI. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-988941-9.
  15. ^ "Prof. Dr. Hugo de Garis is creating Masculist MGTOW Flyers (Short Essays, Written, Spoken, Videoed)". Patreon. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  16. ^ "Profhugodegaris (@profhugodegaris)". minds.com. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  17. ^ de Garis, Hugo (2011). "The "MJP"" (PDF). profhugodegaris.files.wordpress.com. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  18. ^ de Garis, Hugo (23 March 2016). "The Clashing Agendas of the Jewish Banksters and the Mgtow/Masculists". profhugodegaris.wordpress.com.
  19. ^ a b "HUGO de GARIS on the (ME) Jewish Banking Network". Vimeo. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
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